ESSENTIAL UNDERSTANDINGS for CHEMISTRY

Steven Haderlie

 

TERM 1:

 

• Understand the nature of metals and non-metals.  Use this understanding to apply the rules of chemical nomenclature.
• Demonstrate an understanding of the use of mathematics in chemistry using the factor-label (dimensional analysis) method.
• Explain that the properties of a compound may be different from those of the elements or compounds from which it is formed.

• Identify evidence of chemical reactions and demonstrate how chemical equations are used to describe them.

 

TERM 2:

           

• Analyze evidence for the laws of conservation of mass and conservation of energy in a chemical reaction.

• Relate the structure, behavior, and scale of an atom to the particles that compose it. 
• Correlate atomic structure and the physical and chemical properties of an element to the position of the element on the periodic table. 
• Evaluate quantum energy changes in the atom in terms of the energy contained in light emissions.
• Evaluate how changes in the nucleus of an atom result in emission of radioactivity.

• Relate the properties of simple compounds to the type of bonding, shape of molecules, and intermolecular forces.

 

TERM 3:

 

• Evaluate factors specific to collisions that affect the rate of chemical reaction.
• Recognize that certain reactions do not convert all reactants to products, but achieve a state of dynamic equilibrium that can be changed.
• Relate kinetic-molecular theory to the behavior of gases in terms of changes of pressure, temperature, volume, and number of gas particles.
• Describe factors affecting the process of dissolving and evaluate the effects that changes in concentration have on solutions.
• Summarize the quantitative and qualitative effects of colligative properties on a solution when a solute is added.

 

TERM 4:

 

• Differentiate between acids and bases in terms of hydrogen ion concentration.

• Demonstrate knowledge of acid-base titrations both mathematically and in laboratory work.
• Understand solubility both qualitatively and quantitatively.

• Identify and balance oxidation-reduction reactions.
• Using an electrochemical cell describe how electrical energy can be produced in a chemical reaction.